{"id":3515,"date":"2024-03-06T10:33:44","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T09:33:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3515"},"modified":"2024-03-06T10:51:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T09:51:35","slug":"science-and-female-equality-reflections-on-the-international-womenss-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3515","title":{"rendered":"Science and female equality &#8211; reflections on the International Womens\u2019s Day"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The International Women\u2019s Day (IWD) on March 8 has become a global phenomenon &#8211; widely acknowledged and celebrated. Theoretically, there is a broad understanding in most countries regarding the importance of female equality both politically, institutionally, economically, socially and psychologically. Practically, much more could be done for female equality &#8211; and should be done! Both in advanced and emerging countries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Science has a lot to tell<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In my view, science can give different explanations for the benefits of improving female equality. The following five conclusions from scientific research could be mentioned in the first place &#8211; most of them having an impact on economic growth and well-being (which is not the same):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u00a4\u00a0 The impact of improved institutions on economic growth.<\/em><\/strong><br>Research has shown for quite a number of years that improved<em> institutions<\/em> mean a lot to the quality and sustainability of economic growth. Nobel Prize winners such as <em>R. Coase<\/em>, <em>D. North<\/em>, <em>E. Ostrom<\/em> and <em>O. Williamson<\/em> are particularly famous in this respect. More lately, <em>D. Acemoglu <\/em>\/<em> J.Robinson<\/em>, <em>D. Rodrik<\/em> and <em>T. Persson <\/em>have done extended work on the importance of institutions. Looking more closely on institutional research reveals clearly that better institutional conditions also mean improved conditions for economic growth &#8211; but also that extended<strong> female<\/strong> participation in these processes logically works as a driver of such desirable economic developments. Examples for progress may be better institutional conditions for female education, health, wages, and child care.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u00a4\u00a0 The impact of female human capital formation on economic growth. <\/em><\/strong><br>Research has shown for quite some time (<em>R. Lucas, R. Barro, P. Romer,<\/em> <em>G. Mankiw<\/em>, etc.) that improvements of <em>human capital formation <\/em>(education) also outside the pure institutional sphere can contribute substantially to better economic growth. Consequently, when further focus on <strong>female<\/strong> capital formation happens, we have a widened source of economic growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u00a4\u00a0 The impact of enlarged female labor supply.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><br>A substantial number of countries in the world have already &#8211; or will have &#8211; increasing demographic problems in the forthcoming decades (China, Japan, Russia, Germany, the Baltic countries, and a number of other European countries, see <a href=\"https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/system\/files\/2023-01\/the_impact_of_demographic_change_in_a_changing_environment_2023.PDF\">https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/system\/files\/2023-01\/the_impact_of_demographic_change_in_a_changing_environment_2023.PDF<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;A major contribution to a future solution of the enormous burden of labor force shortage can most certainly emerge from an increasing <strong>female<\/strong> labor participation, both in volume and in quality terms. Such a development can also contribute to better international competitiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u00a4\u00a0 The impact of psychological satisfaction on productivity.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><br><em>Psychology<\/em> often plays a neglected role in economic analysis, even, for example, in productivity studies for scientific work (<em>J. Astegiano<\/em>). Particularly important is the potential role of improved<strong> female<\/strong> labor productivity and what it means to economic growth (<em>OECD, <\/em>see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/chile\/economic-empowerment-women-productive-inclusive-societies.htm\">https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/chile\/economic-empowerment-women-productive-inclusive-societies.htm<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00a4\u00a0 <em>The impact of better economic conditions on the society.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<br>Since an extended and broadened <strong>female <\/strong>labor market participation leads to better medium- and long-term GDP growth, chances of a stable society with good ethics should increase as well (<em>B. Friedman<\/em>).\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion &#8211; science shows the importance of women in the economy<\/strong><br>Putting together the brief reflections above should demonstrate that there is sufficient scientific analysis that underlines the positive impact on economic developments by increasing\u00a0 and improving gender well-being and improved female participation on labor markets. These processes should be considered as win-win developments &#8211; on both macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. This conclusion can be applied to both more advanced and emerging countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lnu.se\/api\/media\/12178-fw350fh461cy28cw350ch350\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:94px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Hubert Fromlet<\/em><\/strong> Affiliate Professor at the School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University<br><a href=\"..\/editorial-board\/\">Editorial board<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The International Women\u2019s Day (IWD) on March 8 has become a global phenomenon &#8211; widely acknowledged and celebrated. Theoretically, there is a broad understanding in most countries regarding the importance of female equality both politically, institutionally, economically, socially and psychologically. Practically, much more could be done for female equality &#8211; and should be done! Both [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":126,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10503,13620],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-other-emerging-markets","category-previous-articles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\r\n<title>Science and female equality - reflections on the International Womens\u2019s Day - China Research<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3515\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Science and female equality - reflections on the International Womens\u2019s Day - China Research\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The International Women\u2019s Day (IWD) on March 8 has become a global phenomenon &#8211; widely acknowledged and celebrated. Theoretically, there is a broad understanding in most countries regarding the importance of female equality both politically, institutionally, economically, socially and psychologically. Practically, much more could be done for female equality &#8211; and should be done! 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