{"id":3727,"date":"2025-11-20T11:27:26","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T10:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727"},"modified":"2025-11-20T11:27:28","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T10:27:28","slug":"co2-pollution-in-emerging-countries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727","title":{"rendered":"CO2 pollution in emerging countries"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Currently, the climate conference of the UN is taking place in Brazil, unfortunately with limited involvement of several leading advanced countries. Particularly President Donald Trump has been stepping beside or even behind. Still, China, the U.S. and India are the main global CO<sub>2 <\/sub>polluters. Without strong commitment from these three countries, decisive global progress in the fight for a better environment cannot be achieved. However, this should mean all the same that better environmental conditions should be created in all emerging markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Many emerging countries among the top 30 polluters<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to global statistics, one still can find China clearly in the <strong>global<\/strong> lead&nbsp;of <strong>CO<sub>2<\/sub> pollution in percent<\/strong> before the United States, India, Russia, Japan and Iran. Despite quite some progress in recent years, China&#8217;s CO<sub>2<\/sub> pollution remains almost three times higher than the correspondent number for the United States and&nbsp;more than four times higher than India\u2019s ratio (see <a href=\"https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/co2-emissions-by-country\">https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/co2-emissions-by-country<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CO<sub>2 <\/sub>pollution by country<\/strong>, global share in % in 2023&nbsp;&nbsp;(and share of <strong>pollution per capita<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;China&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 33.98 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>(9.2)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U.S.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12.00 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>13.8)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;India&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7.57&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>2.1)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Russia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5.30&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>14.4)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;5&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Japan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.42&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>7.5)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;6&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Iran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>9.1)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;7&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Indonesia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.73&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (<strong>2.4<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;8&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Saudi Arabia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (<strong>17.1<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;9&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Germany&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.49&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<strong>7.1)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Korea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.47&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (<strong>11.0)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Canada<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mexico&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Brazil<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Turkey<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; South Africa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Vietnam&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Malaysia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Thailand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>25&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Egypt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>26&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Kazakhstan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;UAE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>28&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pakistan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>29&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Iraq<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>30&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Argentina &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When it comes to <strong>CO<sub>2<\/sub> pollution per capita<\/strong>, the picture looks more favorable for China compared to the U.S. I could hear this as a strongly positive argument on many occasions when I still visited China very frequently. However, my conclusion was from the very beginning that pollution per capita had to be regarded as a bumpy measurement since pollution never has national borders. I could hear this point of view with obviously strong passion during my visits on the southern Japanese island of Okinawa which had been &#8211; and still is &#8211; particularly affected by Chinese pollution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lnu.se\/api\/media\/12178-fw350fh461cy28cw350ch350\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:94px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Hubert Fromlet<\/em><\/strong> <br>Affiliate Professor at the School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Currently, the climate conference of the UN is taking place in Brazil, unfortunately with limited involvement of several leading advanced countries. Particularly President Donald Trump has been stepping beside or even behind. Still, China, the U.S. and India are the main global CO2 polluters. Without strong commitment from these three countries, decisive global progress in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":126,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10503],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-other-emerging-markets"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\r\n<title>CO2 pollution in emerging countries - China Research<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CO2 pollution in emerging countries - China Research\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Currently, the climate conference of the UN is taking place in Brazil, unfortunately with limited involvement of several leading advanced countries. Particularly President Donald Trump has been stepping beside or even behind. Still, China, the U.S. and India are the main global CO2 polluters. Without strong commitment from these three countries, decisive global progress in [&hellip;]\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"China Research\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-20T10:27:26+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-20T10:27:28+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lnu.se\/api\/media\/12178-fw350fh461cy28cw350ch350\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hubert Fromlet\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hubert Fromlet\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727\",\"name\":\"CO2 pollution in emerging countries - China Research\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-20T10:27:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-20T10:27:28+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/#\/schema\/person\/3c3b67b85e96d1cc89d09dda3a189b38\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/\",\"name\":\"China Research\",\"description\":\"A discussion forum on emerging markets, mainly China  \u2013                                          from a macro, micro, institutional and corporate angle.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/#\/schema\/person\/3c3b67b85e96d1cc89d09dda3a189b38\",\"name\":\"Hubert Fromlet\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?author=126\"}]}<\/script>\r\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"CO2 pollution in emerging countries - China Research","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/china-research\/?p=3727","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"CO2 pollution in emerging countries - China Research","og_description":"Currently, the climate conference of the UN is taking place in Brazil, unfortunately with limited involvement of several leading advanced countries. 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