{"id":451,"date":"2025-02-25T07:40:03","date_gmt":"2025-02-25T07:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/rektor\/?p=451"},"modified":"2025-02-25T13:30:01","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T13:30:01","slug":"universitetens-vagval-i-en-hotfull-samtid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/rektor\/2025\/02\/25\/universitetens-vagval-i-en-hotfull-samtid\/","title":{"rendered":"Universitetens v\u00e4gval i en hotfull samtid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In English below<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I en tid av global oro och f\u00f6r\u00e4ndring m\u00e5ste svenska universitet ta ett st\u00f6rre ansvar. Genom att v\u00e4rna om akademisk frihet och fr\u00e4mja \u00f6ppet vetenskapligt utbyte, ta en ledande roll i att st\u00e4rka demokrati, v\u00e4lf\u00e4rd och f\u00f6rsvar, samt omv\u00e4rdera relationen till USA, kan vi bidra till en stabilare och mer r\u00e4ttvis v\u00e4rld.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e4rldsordningen \u00e4r i kris. Varje morgon vaknar vi till nya bevis p\u00e5 att de konstitutionella konfliktl\u00f6sande mekanismer som burit upp det internationella systemet monteras ner. Auktorit\u00e4ra regimer flyttar fram sina positioner, medan demokratiska institutioner pr\u00f6vas i sina grundvalar. Hur p\u00e5verkas Sverige och Linn\u00e9universitetet av den dramatiska utvecklingen i v\u00e4rlden? Vilken roll ska vi ta, och vilka l\u00f6sningar kan vi bidra med? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Universitetens fundament bygger p\u00e5 akademisk frihet, l\u00e5ngsiktig och samh\u00e4llsrelevant kunskapsbildning. Men vad h\u00e4nder n\u00e4r dessa v\u00e4rden utmanas? Vi som del av den globala akademin kan inte blunda f\u00f6r de p\u00e5g\u00e5ende f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringarna \u2013 vi m\u00e5ste aktivt f\u00f6rh\u00e5lla oss till dem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e5t mig vidga tidsperspektivet i tv\u00e5 dimensioner f\u00f6r att bidra till navigationen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

F\u00f6r det f\u00f6rsta,<\/strong> hoten mot en internationell r\u00e4ttsordning som nu drivs av tre av de fyra stora maktblocken i v\u00e4rlden. Efter 30-\u00e5riga kriget i Europa utformade den Westfaliska freden 1648 en modell som f\u00f6rdes vidare i Wienkongressen 1814\u201315 f\u00f6r en internationell r\u00e4ttsordning med s\u00e4kerhetsgarantier \u2013 och vidare in i 1900-talets FN. Utvecklingen av denna ordningen har l\u00e5ngtifr\u00e5n varit perfekt men \u00f6ver tid bidragit till att h\u00e5lla krigen p\u00e5 en l\u00e4gre niv\u00e5, n\u00e4r en mer inkluderande internationell r\u00e4ttsordning h\u00e5llit st\u00e5nd mot totalit\u00e4ra ledare som Stalin och Hitler. Den ifr\u00e5gas\u00e4tts nu \u00e5ter i grunden inte bara av Putin utan \u00e4ven av Trump. De europeiska ledarna s\u00f6ker nu yrvaket samla sig f\u00f6r att kunna m\u00f6ta denna mycket stora utmaning. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u00f6r det andra<\/strong> anlade Aristoteles f\u00f6r \u00f6ver 2000 \u00e5r sen ett mer cykliskt perspektiv p\u00e5 de politiska sv\u00e4ngningarna som byggde p\u00e5 inneboende sv\u00e5righeter f\u00f6r varje politiskt ansvarssystem att m\u00f6ta de m\u00e5nga f\u00f6rv\u00e4ntningar och problem som ligger inom dess dom\u00e4n. Han visar hur systemen pendlar cykliskt mellan demokrati, monarki (maktdelning), oligarki och tyranni f\u00f6r att sen g\u00e5 \u00e5ter till demokrati. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Om 1989 \u00e4r den senaste tidpunkten d\u00e5 pendeln sv\u00e4ngde kraftfullt \u00e5t det demokratiska h\u00e5llet, s\u00e5 har den efter 2000 g\u00e5tt allt starkare \u00e5t andra h\u00e5llet. De sv\u00e4ngningar vi ser mellan decentralisering och centralisering, vilja till att dra f\u00f6rdelar av delaktighet respektive ett beslutsamt ledarskap kan ge l\u00e4rdomar som g\u00f6r pendlingen mer till en framg\u00e5ngsspiral, men bara om de hanteras omd\u00f6mesgillt. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En vanlig f\u00f6rst\u00e5else av tillv\u00e4xten av populistiska och totalit\u00e4ra tendenser sedan millennieskiftet \u00e4r of\u00f6rm\u00e5gan i de demokratiska systemen att hantera v\u00e4xande sp\u00e4nningar med kopplingar till migration och f\u00f6r\u00e4ndrad ekonomisk konkurrenskraft. Vi f\u00f6ruts\u00e4tts d\u00e5 som l\u00e4ros\u00e4te vara f\u00f6rsiktiga i v\u00e5r kontakt med s\u00e5dana regimer s\u00e5 att de inte hotar v\u00e5r fria kunskapsbildning och bidra till ekonomisk tillv\u00e4xt s\u00e5 snabbt och starkt som m\u00f6jligt p\u00e5 hemmaplan. Men hur p\u00e5verkar vi b\u00e4st v\u00e4rlden f\u00f6r en \u00f6nskv\u00e4rd utveckling mot demokrati och h\u00e5llbart v\u00e4lst\u00e5nd?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akademisk frihet och \u00f6ppen vetenskap \u00e4r v\u00e5rt fr\u00e4msta verktyg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoten kan b\u00e4st hanteras av institutioner som \u00e4r uth\u00e5lliga och starka, inkluderande och r\u00e4ttvisa. L\u00e4rdomen fr\u00e5n historien \u00e4r att vi inte f\u00e5r bidra till att f\u00f6rst\u00e4rka sv\u00e4ngningarna \u2013 vi m\u00e5ste h\u00e5lla en stadig kurs fram\u00e5t. V\u00e5r ledstj\u00e4rna \u00e4r tilltron till den fria och \u00f6ppna kunskapens kraft, \u00e4ven i en tid av v\u00e4xande totalit\u00e4ra inslag.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vad inneb\u00e4r detta konkret f\u00f6r svenska universitet?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Sl\u00e5 vakt om akademisk frihet och \u00f6ppet vetenskapligt utbyte<\/strong>
    \u2013 S\u00e4kerhet \u00e4r viktigt, men vi f\u00e5r inte offra forskningens och utbildningens \u00f6ppenhet p\u00e5 s\u00e4kerhetens altare. Den fria kunskapsbildningen \u00e4r v\u00e5r fr\u00e4msta f\u00f6rsvarsmur mot auktorit\u00e4ra id\u00e9er och ett fortsatt innovativt samh\u00e4llsbygge.
    <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Sverige och Europa m\u00e5ste ta st\u00f6rre ansvar f\u00f6r demokrati, v\u00e4lf\u00e4rd och f\u00f6rsvar<\/strong>
    \u2013 Sverige \u00e4r det land som har flest deltagare i europeiska universitetsallianser.\u00a0Svenska universitet \u00e4r redan aktiva i europeiska samarbeten, men vi m\u00e5ste bli \u00e4nnu mer n\u00e4rvarande och aktiva och bidra till Europas demokrati, v\u00e4lst\u00e5nd och styrka.\u00a0
    <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Omv\u00e4rdera relationen till USA<\/strong>
    \u2013 Vi beh\u00f6ver se \u00f6ver v\u00e5ra avtal med amerikanska universitet och institutioner p\u00e5 samma s\u00e4tt som med andra l\u00e4nder som r\u00f6r sig i auktorit\u00e4r riktning, f\u00f6r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla att akademisk frihet alltid uppr\u00e4tth\u00e5lls.
    Vi kan bli en fristad f\u00f6r amerikanska forskare som inte l\u00e4ngre f\u00e5r verka fritt i sitt eget land. N\u00e4r forskning inom exempelvis j\u00e4mst\u00e4lldhet och klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar ifr\u00e5gas\u00e4tts politiskt, b\u00f6r vi erbjuda ett akademiskt rum f\u00f6r dessa forskare i Europa och Sverige.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    L\u00e4ros\u00e4tena och d\u00e4rmed \u00e4ven Linn\u00e9universitetet beh\u00f6ver ta en mer aktiv roll \u00e4n att \u00f6verleva denna bistra vinter f\u00f6r v\u00e4rlden. H\u00e4r fostras kunskap och v\u00e4rden som bygger en demokratisk kultur p\u00e5 djupet. Kunskap l\u00e4gger grunden f\u00f6r en h\u00e5llbar framtid. Aristoteles pendel beh\u00f6ver kraftfull hj\u00e4lp att r\u00f6ra sig \u00e5t det demokratiska och mer regelstyrda och maktdelande h\u00e5llet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Det \u00e4r nu vi avg\u00f6r om framtiden ska pr\u00e4glas av \u00f6ppna, demokratiska samh\u00e4llen \u2013 eller av en v\u00e4rld d\u00e4r kunskap kontrolleras, begr\u00e4nsas och styrs. Vi l\u00e4gger all v\u00e5r kraft p\u00e5 det f\u00f6rstn\u00e4mnda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \/Peter Aronsson, rektor och professor i historia vid Linn\u00e9universitetet<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    —<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The choices facing universities in a threatening era<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    In a time of global turmoil and change, Swedish universities must take greater responsibility. By safeguarding academic freedom, promoting open scientific exchange, playing a leading role in strengthening democracy, welfare, and defence, and reassessing our relationship with the United States, we can contribute to a more stable and just world.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The global order is in crisis. Every morning, we wake to new evidence that the constitutional conflict-resolution mechanisms that have upheld the international system are being dismantled. Authoritarian regimes are advancing their positions, while democratic institutions are being tested at their foundations. How is Sweden, and Linnaeus University, affected by these dramatic global developments? What role should we take, and what solutions can we contribute?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Universities are built on the foundation of academic freedom and the long-term development of socially relevant knowledge. But what happens when these values are challenged? As part of the global academic community, we cannot ignore ongoing changes \u2013 we must actively engage with them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Let me broaden the perspective in two dimensions to aid in navigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Firstly<\/strong>, the threats to an international legal order now driven by three of the four major global power blocs. After the Thirty Years’ War in Europe, the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 established a model that was carried forward through the Congress of Vienna in 1814\u20131815, shaping an international legal order with security guarantees \u2013 eventually leading to the formation of the United Nations in the 20th century. This system has been far from perfect but has, over time, helped to keep wars at a lower level, as a more inclusive international legal framework has resisted totalitarian leaders such as Stalin and Hitler. Today, this system is once again being fundamentally challenged, not only by Putin but also by Trump. European leaders are now scrambling to coordinate their response to this significant challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Secondly<\/strong>, over 2,000 years ago, Aristotle introduced a cyclical perspective on political fluctuations, based on the inherent difficulties every political system faces in meeting the many expectations and challenges within its domain. He demonstrated how systems cyclically oscillate between democracy, monarchy (power-sharing), oligarchy, and tyranny, before eventually returning to democracy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    If 1989 marked the last major shift towards democracy, then since 2000, the pendulum has swung increasingly in the opposite direction. The fluctuations between decentralisation and centralisation, the desire to benefit from participation and decisive leadership respectively, can provide valuable lessons, transforming these cycles into a spiral of progress \u2013 but only if they are managed with wisdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A common interpretation of the rise in populist and totalitarian tendencies since the turn of the millennium is the inability of democratic systems to address growing tensions linked to migration and shifting economic competitiveness. In this view, universities are expected to be cautious in their interactions with such regimes to protect our academic freedom while also contributing as rapidly and robustly as possible to economic growth at home. But how can we best influence the world towards a desirable path of democracy and sustainable prosperity?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Academic freedom and open science are our most powerful tools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Threats are best countered by institutions that are resilient and strong, inclusive and just. History teaches us that we must not exacerbate these fluctuations \u2013 we must hold a steady course forward. Our guiding principle is trust in the power of free and open knowledge, even in an era of growing authoritarian tendencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    What does this mean in concrete terms for Swedish universities?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Defend academic freedom and open scientific exchange<\/strong>
      \u2013 Security is important, but we must not sacrifice the openness of research and education on the altar of security. Free knowledge production is our strongest defence against authoritarian ideas and a foundation for continued societal innovation.
      <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Sweden and Europe must take greater responsibility for democracy, welfare, and defence<\/strong>
      \u2013 Sweden has the highest number of participants in European university alliances. Swedish universities are already engaged in European collaborations, but we must be even more present and active, contributing to Europe’s democracy, prosperity, and strength.
      <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. Reassess our relationship with the United States<\/strong>
      \u2013 We need to review our agreements with American universities and institutions in the same way as with other countries moving in an authoritarian direction, ensuring that academic freedom is always upheld. We can become a sanctuary for American researchers who can no longer work freely in their own country. When research on issues such as gender equality and climate change is politically challenged, we should offer an academic space for these researchers in Europe and Sweden.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Universities, including Linnaeus University, must take a more active role than simply enduring this bleak winter for the world. Here, we cultivate knowledge and values that build a deep democratic culture. Knowledge lays the foundation for a sustainable future. Aristotle\u2019s pendulum needs a powerful push towards democracy, the rule of law, and the separation of powers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Now is the moment when we decide whether the future will be shaped by open, democratic societies \u2013 or by a world where knowledge is controlled, restricted, and dictated. We are dedicating all our efforts to ensuring it is the former.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \/Peter Aronsson, vice-chancellor and professor of history at Linnaeus University<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      In English below I en tid av global oro och f\u00f6r\u00e4ndring m\u00e5ste svenska universitet ta ett st\u00f6rre ansvar. Genom att v\u00e4rna om akademisk frihet och fr\u00e4mja \u00f6ppet vetenskapligt utbyte, ta en ledande roll i att st\u00e4rka demokrati, v\u00e4lf\u00e4rd och f\u00f6rsvar, samt omv\u00e4rdera relationen till USA, kan vi bidra till en stabilare och mer r\u00e4ttvis v\u00e4rld. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blogg"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\r\nUniversitetens v\u00e4gval i en hotfull samtid - Rektorsbloggen<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogg.lnu.se\/rektor\/2025\/02\/25\/universitetens-vagval-i-en-hotfull-samtid\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Universitetens v\u00e4gval i en hotfull samtid - Rektorsbloggen\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In English below I en tid av global oro och f\u00f6r\u00e4ndring m\u00e5ste svenska universitet ta ett st\u00f6rre ansvar. Genom att v\u00e4rna om akademisk frihet och fr\u00e4mja \u00f6ppet vetenskapligt utbyte, ta en ledande roll i att st\u00e4rka demokrati, v\u00e4lf\u00e4rd och f\u00f6rsvar, samt omv\u00e4rdera relationen till USA, kan vi bidra till en stabilare och mer r\u00e4ttvis v\u00e4rld. 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